Monday, April 30, 2012
Intel CEO Sees Wireless Carriers As Way To Grow Mobile Sales
NEW YORK (Dow Jones)--Intel Corp. (INTC) sees wireless carriers as
potential partners in helping to grow its mobile-chip business, the
semiconductor company's chief executive said, as both sides aim to
profit more from the increased use of smartphones.
The Santa Clara, Calif., company has long struggled to make inroads in the mobile market, with its chips viewed as too power hungry compared to those based on ARM Holdings PLC's (ARMH, ARM.LN) architecture. But Intel believes it has just about reached power-consumption parity with ARM-based chips and has some performance advantages with its newest chip, code-named Medfield.
Chief Executive Paul Otellini said wireless carriers, faced with high device costs, are showing "a lot of interest" in Intel-powered phones. Some even may look to provide their own smartphones, built by Asian device manufacturers but sold under the carrier's name, rather than relying on the traditional handset makers for all devices, he said.
"The people who have the most interest in optimizing feature sets for the phones at the end of the day are the carriers who own the networks and want to get the maximum return from them," he said in an interview late Monday. "I don't think all of them have been heard from yet."
Already, France Telecom's (FTE, FTE.FR) Orange unit has said it would introduce its own phones using Intel chips this summer in France and the U.K.
Carriers like Verizon Wireless and AT&T Corp. (T) pay high fees to subsidize the cost of the most popular smartphones, such as the Apple Inc. (AAPL) iPhone, a burden that has weighed on their margins and raised concerns among Wall Street analysts.
The Santa Clara, Calif., company has long struggled to make inroads in the mobile market, with its chips viewed as too power hungry compared to those based on ARM Holdings PLC's (ARMH, ARM.LN) architecture. But Intel believes it has just about reached power-consumption parity with ARM-based chips and has some performance advantages with its newest chip, code-named Medfield.
Chief Executive Paul Otellini said wireless carriers, faced with high device costs, are showing "a lot of interest" in Intel-powered phones. Some even may look to provide their own smartphones, built by Asian device manufacturers but sold under the carrier's name, rather than relying on the traditional handset makers for all devices, he said.
"The people who have the most interest in optimizing feature sets for the phones at the end of the day are the carriers who own the networks and want to get the maximum return from them," he said in an interview late Monday. "I don't think all of them have been heard from yet."
Already, France Telecom's (FTE, FTE.FR) Orange unit has said it would introduce its own phones using Intel chips this summer in France and the U.K.
Carriers like Verizon Wireless and AT&T Corp. (T) pay high fees to subsidize the cost of the most popular smartphones, such as the Apple Inc. (AAPL) iPhone, a burden that has weighed on their margins and raised concerns among Wall Street analysts.
Introduction of Google Drive, Google steps up competition with Apple
April 24 (Bloomberg) -- Google Inc. stepped up competition with Apple
Inc. and Microsoft Corp. in cloud computing, enabling users to store
documents, audio clips and videos through a Web connection.
The Google Drive service, beginning today, gives users online storage similar to a hard drive’s, allowing access to files from computers and other devices, said Sundar Pichai, Google senior vice president. As much as 5 gigabytes of cloud- based storage is provided free, while users may pay $2.49 a month for 25 gigabytes and higher fees for more.
Google’s service helps the company expand beyond its search engine and query-based advertising. Apple has a similar offering called iCloud, while Microsoft provides one called SkyDrive. Google, based in Mountain View, California, says its service will encourage users to spend more time online with features that, among other things, enable creation of Web-based documents and sharing of photographs.
“Drive is something we intend to be at the center of our users’ online experience,” Pichai said in an interview by video link. “We see this as a primary place for people to go to create and collaborate and live in the cloud across devices and across applications and have their important data available to them seamlessly.”
Google rose 1.2 percent to $604.52 in New York at 12:33 p.m. The shares had advanced 14 percent in the 12 months through yesterday.
File Sharing
Users can put a Google Drive folder on multiple computers, including those that run on Windows, Macintosh or Android programs. Any document, photo or other file that is dragged onto the folder becomes accessible from almost anywhere, such as from an Android phone or tablet. Google says compatibility with Apple’s iPhone will be added to the service soon.
Once a file is stored, the files can be shared with others or discussed online. In addition, Google Drive is open to third- party applications so users can create, open and share files from a variety of other software programs.
Google aims to make stored files easily searchable. Users can search by using a keyword, as when they use the search engine. The word could be anything from the title of the file to a term in the text of a scanned newspaper article.
The company may find users in the consumer arena, said Aaron Levie, chief executive officer of Los Altos, California- based Box Inc., which targets businesses with its online storage service. More than 100,000 businesses use Box.net and that will be a more-difficult market for Google to compete in, he said.
“We’ve been building a pretty substantial platform and base of enterprise customers over the past seven years; we think we’re in a very strong position,” he said. “GDrive, we think, is going to be just an interesting kind of complement to the market; we think it will be a very competitive product on the consumer side.”
The Google Drive service, beginning today, gives users online storage similar to a hard drive’s, allowing access to files from computers and other devices, said Sundar Pichai, Google senior vice president. As much as 5 gigabytes of cloud- based storage is provided free, while users may pay $2.49 a month for 25 gigabytes and higher fees for more.
Google’s service helps the company expand beyond its search engine and query-based advertising. Apple has a similar offering called iCloud, while Microsoft provides one called SkyDrive. Google, based in Mountain View, California, says its service will encourage users to spend more time online with features that, among other things, enable creation of Web-based documents and sharing of photographs.
“Drive is something we intend to be at the center of our users’ online experience,” Pichai said in an interview by video link. “We see this as a primary place for people to go to create and collaborate and live in the cloud across devices and across applications and have their important data available to them seamlessly.”
Google rose 1.2 percent to $604.52 in New York at 12:33 p.m. The shares had advanced 14 percent in the 12 months through yesterday.
File Sharing
Users can put a Google Drive folder on multiple computers, including those that run on Windows, Macintosh or Android programs. Any document, photo or other file that is dragged onto the folder becomes accessible from almost anywhere, such as from an Android phone or tablet. Google says compatibility with Apple’s iPhone will be added to the service soon.
Once a file is stored, the files can be shared with others or discussed online. In addition, Google Drive is open to third- party applications so users can create, open and share files from a variety of other software programs.
Google aims to make stored files easily searchable. Users can search by using a keyword, as when they use the search engine. The word could be anything from the title of the file to a term in the text of a scanned newspaper article.
The company may find users in the consumer arena, said Aaron Levie, chief executive officer of Los Altos, California- based Box Inc., which targets businesses with its online storage service. More than 100,000 businesses use Box.net and that will be a more-difficult market for Google to compete in, he said.
“We’ve been building a pretty substantial platform and base of enterprise customers over the past seven years; we think we’re in a very strong position,” he said. “GDrive, we think, is going to be just an interesting kind of complement to the market; we think it will be a very competitive product on the consumer side.”
Samsung's 'vague' manufacturing estimates puts smartphone crown in dispute
‘NEW YORK: Smartphones are the hottest gadgets in the world. But who's the biggest smartphone maker? We don't really know.
Samsung, Apple's chief competitor, gives only vague indications of how many it makes, which means industry watchers come up with widely diverging estimates. Apple Inc. reports its iPhone sales down to the thousands.
In the January to March period, it shipped 35,064,000. South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co. may have sold 32 million, 37.5 million or 44.5 million, depending which analyst you believe. The company itself refuses to say.
What's at stake, of course, are bragging rights. More accurate sales figures from Samsung would also be useful to competitors and to partners like wireless carriers and retailers.
When it reported first-quarter results Friday morning, Samsung said only that overall phone shipments (including ``dumb'' phones) were down more than 10 per cent from the fourth quarter, and that smartphone sales were about the same per centage of the company's overall sales as they have been before.
The problem is that Samsung hasn't reported any hard sales figures in a long time, so analysts are applying these vague hints to their own estimates, which in turn are based on vague hints from previous quarters.
There's even a debate about what Samsung's few guideposts really mean. Jan Dawson, an analyst at Ovum, says the analyst community is split over the interpretation of Samsung's reported ``300 per cent'' increase in smartphone sales in the third quarter of 2011, over the third quarter of 2010. A 300 per cent increase means a quadrupling, but did Samsung really mean that? Or did sales triple, and they made the common mistake of calling that a ``300 per cent increase?''
The two schools of thought account for some of the widely diverging estimates, Dawson believes. Analysts and reporters haven't been able to get Samsung to clarify the issue.
Wayne Lam, an analyst with IHS iSuppli, likens the process of estimating Samsung sales to ``using compasses instead of GPS.'' His estimate for first-quarter smartphone sales is 32 million, which would put Samsung behind Apple.
IDC Corp., a research firm that tracks phone sales, postponed the release of its quarterly phone sales ranking. It was originally scheduled for just after Samsung's report, but analyst Ramon Llamas said ``additional insight'' was needed.
Analysts agree that in terms of overall phone sales, including non-smart ones, Samsung outdid long-time No. 1 Nokia Corp. in the first quarter. But they differ on the margin of victory. Finland's Nokia said it sold 82.7 million phones. ABI Research's Michael Morgan puts Samsung at 83.4 million, only just ahead. Strategy Analytics has it at 93.5 million.
The estimates differ by 10.1 million phones, roughly enough for all the adults in New York, Los Angeles and Chicago.
Samsung is not alone in espousing vagueness. Taiwan-based smartphone maker HTC Corp. recently stopped reporting how many phones it makes, possibly because its sales are in decline.
``The bottom line is Samsung and Apple are definitely consolidating at the top,'' Lam said. ``The lead will trade back and forth a bit.''
Samsung, Apple's chief competitor, gives only vague indications of how many it makes, which means industry watchers come up with widely diverging estimates. Apple Inc. reports its iPhone sales down to the thousands.
In the January to March period, it shipped 35,064,000. South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co. may have sold 32 million, 37.5 million or 44.5 million, depending which analyst you believe. The company itself refuses to say.
What's at stake, of course, are bragging rights. More accurate sales figures from Samsung would also be useful to competitors and to partners like wireless carriers and retailers.
When it reported first-quarter results Friday morning, Samsung said only that overall phone shipments (including ``dumb'' phones) were down more than 10 per cent from the fourth quarter, and that smartphone sales were about the same per centage of the company's overall sales as they have been before.
The problem is that Samsung hasn't reported any hard sales figures in a long time, so analysts are applying these vague hints to their own estimates, which in turn are based on vague hints from previous quarters.
There's even a debate about what Samsung's few guideposts really mean. Jan Dawson, an analyst at Ovum, says the analyst community is split over the interpretation of Samsung's reported ``300 per cent'' increase in smartphone sales in the third quarter of 2011, over the third quarter of 2010. A 300 per cent increase means a quadrupling, but did Samsung really mean that? Or did sales triple, and they made the common mistake of calling that a ``300 per cent increase?''
The two schools of thought account for some of the widely diverging estimates, Dawson believes. Analysts and reporters haven't been able to get Samsung to clarify the issue.
Wayne Lam, an analyst with IHS iSuppli, likens the process of estimating Samsung sales to ``using compasses instead of GPS.'' His estimate for first-quarter smartphone sales is 32 million, which would put Samsung behind Apple.
IDC Corp., a research firm that tracks phone sales, postponed the release of its quarterly phone sales ranking. It was originally scheduled for just after Samsung's report, but analyst Ramon Llamas said ``additional insight'' was needed.
Analysts agree that in terms of overall phone sales, including non-smart ones, Samsung outdid long-time No. 1 Nokia Corp. in the first quarter. But they differ on the margin of victory. Finland's Nokia said it sold 82.7 million phones. ABI Research's Michael Morgan puts Samsung at 83.4 million, only just ahead. Strategy Analytics has it at 93.5 million.
The estimates differ by 10.1 million phones, roughly enough for all the adults in New York, Los Angeles and Chicago.
Samsung is not alone in espousing vagueness. Taiwan-based smartphone maker HTC Corp. recently stopped reporting how many phones it makes, possibly because its sales are in decline.
``The bottom line is Samsung and Apple are definitely consolidating at the top,'' Lam said. ``The lead will trade back and forth a bit.''
Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
-: Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz :-
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| Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz |
Kekulé never used his first given name; he was known throughout his life as August Kekulé. After he was ennobled by the Kaiser in 1895, he adopted the name August Kekule von Stradonitz, without the French acute accent over the second "e". The French accent had apparently been added to the name by Kekulé's father during the Napoleonic occupation of Hesse by France, in order to ensure that French speakers pronounced the third syllable.
Kekulé was born in Darmstadt, the son of a civil servant. After graduating from secondary school, in 1847 he entered the University of Giessen, with the intention of studying architecture. After hearing the lectures of Justus von Liebig he decided to study chemistry. Following his education in Giessen, he took postdoctoral fellowships in Paris (1851–52), in Chur, Switzerland (1852–53), and in London (1853–55), where he was decisively influenced by Alexander Williamson.
In 1895 Kekulé was ennobled by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, giving him the right to add "von Stradonitz" to his name, referring to a possession of his patrilineal ancestors in Stradonice, Bohemia. Of the first five Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, his students won three: van 't Hoff in 1901, Fischer in 1902 and Baeyer in 1905.
A larger-than-life size monument of Kekulé is situated in front of the former Chemical Institute at the University of Bonn. His monument is often decorated in by students, e.g. for Valentine's Day.
In 1856 Kekulé became Privatdozent at the University of Heidelberg. In 1858 he was hired as full professor at the University of Ghent, then in 1867 he was called to Bonn, where he remained for the rest of his career. Basing his ideas on those of predecessors such as Williamson, Edward Frankland, William Odling, Auguste Laurent, Charles Adolphe Wurtz and others, Kekulé was the principal formulator of the theory of chemical structure (1857–58).
This theory proceeds from the idea of atomic valence, especially the tetravalence of carbon (which Kekulé announced late in 1857) and the ability of carbon atoms to link to each other (announced in a paper published in May 1858), to the determination of the bonding order of all of the atoms in a molecule. Archibald Scott Couper independently arrived at the idea of self-linking of carbon atoms (his paper appeared in June 1858), and provided the first molecular formulas where lines symbolize bonds connecting the atoms.
For organic chemists, the theory of structure provided dramatic new clarity of understanding, and a reliable guide to both analytic and especially synthetic work. As a consequence, the field of organic chemistry developed explosively from this point. Among those who were most active in pursuing early structural investigations were, in addition to Kekulé and Couper, Frankland, Wurtz, Alexander Crum Brown, Emil Erlenmeyer, and Aleksandr Mikhailovich Butlerov.
Sunday, April 29, 2012
Samsung Galaxy S3 surfaces ahead of launch:
Another leaked photo of the Galaxy S3 surfaces ahead of launch:-
‘Yesterday was the day tipsters had decided to reveal whatever they knew about the upcoming flagship handset from Samsung.
First
the device was spotted on Samsung Kies database which revealed the
smartphone’s official name as the Galaxy S3 and a mini thumbnail image
giving those interested a glimpse of what it would look like.
A
little later on, the device made its second appearance of the day when a
sketch of the handset surfaced in what is believed to be the handset’s
service manual.
Along with the render of the device, there was
also a list of specifications available for the world’s viewing pleasure
which literally foretells everything that will be featured in the
device. It seems the leaks had not stopped and mobile website,
PhoneArena had received an image which their sources claim is the Galaxy
S3.
What is interesting about the leaked image is that it has a
lot of resemblance to the image portrayed in the service manual.
However, one cannot be for certain if this handset is a prototype or if
it is the real deal that we will see in a few short days.
To
quote the report, “There is evidently a physical home key, as rumored,
and two capacitive buttons, while the whole setup resembles a lot the
render from the leaked early manual of a Samsung GT-I9300 Galaxy S3 that
we saw yesterday. The side bezel of what seems to be quite a big
display is pretty thin, but we'll leave the speculations on screen size
aside, as we can't vouch whether this is the real deal anyway.”
The
screen size is expected to be between 4.6 to 4.8-inches and by merely
looking at this image one cannot confirm the same. However, if the
earlier image of the service manual is anything to go by, then we can
expect this handset to feature a display size of 4.8-inches.
The
handset will be announced on the 3rd of May 2012, so those gearing up
for the unveiling, can hit the link here and download the Samsung
Unpacked Mobile 2012 app for Android and stream the event live as it
unfolds.
Attitude Daksha tablet launched at Rs 5,399:
Attitude Daksha tablet launched at Rs 5,399:-
| Attitude Daksha tablet |
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: Giving competition to the government's Aakash
tablet, Telmoco Development Labs Pvt has come out with a Tablet PC -
Attitude Daksha - a 7-inch tablet variant for Rs 5,399 inclusive of all
taxes.
Attitude Daksha, touted as the most powerful 7-inch tablet computer for students and professionals, was launched here Tuesday.
Technopark
Technology Business Incubator (T-TBIC) incubated Telmoco plans to
compete in the low-cost tablet PC market where the government-launched
Aakash tablet is prominent.
Daksha features Capacitive 5 point
touch screen with 1.2 GHz ARM Cortex A8 processor with 512 MB DDR3 RAM.
It has a HDMI port, Micro SD slot, 3.5 mm audio out, Micro USB port and
having OTG connector for 3G Dongle and RJ 45lAN cable.
Daksha is
capable of 1080p full HD video streaming and has dedicated 400 MHzGPU
for advanced flash Apps, Interactive Apps and full HD videos. Daksha is
powered by 3,800 mAh li-Pol battery which gives a back up of over 6
hours with Wi-Fi on.
"Even though the Indian media tablets market
witnessed high decibel launches by the world's leading vendors, the
Tablet PC market in India is a niche market that is quickly picking up
the pace in terms of adoption," said C.R. Nijesh, chairman and executive
director, Telmoco at the launch.
Telmoco Development labs Pvt ltd is a company initiated in electronics research and mobile technologies.
Attitude
Daksha is initially set off to launch at schools, professional
institutions, and corporate houses and will be available in the market
from May 15. It can be ordered online from Telmoco website.
Social network sites
Social network sites (SNSs) are increasingly attracting the attention of academic and industry researchers intrigued by their affordances and reach. This special theme section of the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication brings together scholarship on these emergent phenomena. In this introductory article, we describe features of SNSs and propose a comprehensive definition. We then present one perspective on the history of such sites, discussing key changes and developments. After briefly summarizing existing scholarship concerning SNSs, we discuss the articles in this special section and conclude with considerations for future research.
Alexander von Humboldt
-: Alexander von Humboldt :-
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| Alexander von Humboldt |
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt (About this
sound listen (help·info) September 14, 1769 – May 6, 1859) was a German
naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian
minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835).
Humboldt's quantitative work on botanical geography laid the foundation
for the field of biogeography.
Between 1799 and 1804, Humboldt travelled extensively in Latin America, exploring and describing it for the first time in a manner generally considered to be a modern scientific point of view. His description of the journey was written up and published in an enormous set of volumes over 21 years. He was one of the first to propose that the lands bordering the Atlantic Ocean were once joined (South America and Africa in particular).
Later, his five-volume work, Kosmos (1845), attempted to unify the various branches of scientific knowledge. Humboldt supported and worked with other scientists, including Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac, Justus von Liebig, Louis Agassiz, Matthew Fontaine Maury and, most notably, Aimé Bonpland, with whom he conducted much of his scientific exploration.
Humboldt was born in Berlin in the Margraviate of Brandenburg. His father, Alexander Georg von Humboldt, belonged to a prominent Pomeranian family; a major in the Prussian Army, he was rewarded for his services in the Seven Years' War with the post of Royal Chamberlain. He married the daughter of the Prussian general adjutant, von Schweder. In 1766, he married Maria Elizabeth Colomb, the widow of Baron von Hollwede, and they had two sons. The money of Baron von Holwede, left to his former wife, was instrumental in funding Alexander's explorations, contributing more than 70% of Alexander's income
On the postponement of Captain Nicolas Baudin's proposed voyage of circumnavigation, which he had been officially invited to accompany, Humboldt left Paris for Marseille with Aimé Bonpland, the designated botanist of the frustrated expedition, hoping to join Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt. Means of transport, however, were not forthcoming, and the two travellers eventually found their way to Madrid, where the unexpected patronage of the minister Don Mariano Luis de Urquijo convinced them to make Spanish America the scene of their explorations.
In 1794 Humboldt was admitted to the famous Weimar coterie and contributed (June 7, 1795) to Schiller's new periodical, Die Horen, a philosophical allegory entitled Die Lebenskraft, oder der rhodische Genius. In the summer of 1790 he paid a short visit to England in the company of Forster. In 1792 and 1797 he was in Vienna; in 1795 he made a geological and botanical tour through Switzerland and Italy. He had obtained in the meantime official employment by appointment as assessor of mines at Berlin, February 29, 1792.
Between 1799 and 1804, Humboldt travelled extensively in Latin America, exploring and describing it for the first time in a manner generally considered to be a modern scientific point of view. His description of the journey was written up and published in an enormous set of volumes over 21 years. He was one of the first to propose that the lands bordering the Atlantic Ocean were once joined (South America and Africa in particular).
Later, his five-volume work, Kosmos (1845), attempted to unify the various branches of scientific knowledge. Humboldt supported and worked with other scientists, including Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac, Justus von Liebig, Louis Agassiz, Matthew Fontaine Maury and, most notably, Aimé Bonpland, with whom he conducted much of his scientific exploration.
Humboldt was born in Berlin in the Margraviate of Brandenburg. His father, Alexander Georg von Humboldt, belonged to a prominent Pomeranian family; a major in the Prussian Army, he was rewarded for his services in the Seven Years' War with the post of Royal Chamberlain. He married the daughter of the Prussian general adjutant, von Schweder. In 1766, he married Maria Elizabeth Colomb, the widow of Baron von Hollwede, and they had two sons. The money of Baron von Holwede, left to his former wife, was instrumental in funding Alexander's explorations, contributing more than 70% of Alexander's income
On the postponement of Captain Nicolas Baudin's proposed voyage of circumnavigation, which he had been officially invited to accompany, Humboldt left Paris for Marseille with Aimé Bonpland, the designated botanist of the frustrated expedition, hoping to join Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt. Means of transport, however, were not forthcoming, and the two travellers eventually found their way to Madrid, where the unexpected patronage of the minister Don Mariano Luis de Urquijo convinced them to make Spanish America the scene of their explorations.
In 1794 Humboldt was admitted to the famous Weimar coterie and contributed (June 7, 1795) to Schiller's new periodical, Die Horen, a philosophical allegory entitled Die Lebenskraft, oder der rhodische Genius. In the summer of 1790 he paid a short visit to England in the company of Forster. In 1792 and 1797 he was in Vienna; in 1795 he made a geological and botanical tour through Switzerland and Italy. He had obtained in the meantime official employment by appointment as assessor of mines at Berlin, February 29, 1792.
Saturday, April 28, 2012
Datawind launches two new tablets, starting Rs. 2,999
Datawind launches two new tablets, starting Rs. 2,999:-
UK-based Datawind, which had bagged a contract for supplying low-cost
tablet 'Aakash' to the government, launched two new tablets in the price
range of Rs. 3,000-4,000, considered to be amongst the cheapest in the
market.
Dubbed as UbiSlate 7 and 7C, these tablets feature a
7-inch display, 256MB of RAM and are powered by Cortex A8 800 MHz
processor. The tablets also come with a 3200 mAh battery and are
powered by Android Gingerbread (v 2.3). In terms of connectivity, both
support GPRS as well as Wi-Fi.
The only difference between these
two devices is that UbiSlate 7 comes with a 2GB of internal memory and
has a resistive touchscreen, while the UbiSlate 7C has 4GB of internal
memory and comes with capacitive touchscreen.
Datawind, which had
run into problems with the IIT Rajasthan and its sub-contractor Quad
Electronics for the much-touted 'Aakash' claimed that it has already
done 30 lakh bookings for the new tablets launched in the commercial
market.
"We will first deliver pre-bookings, which are over 30 lakh ," Datawind CEO Suneet Singh Tuli told reporters here.
Tuli did not agree with the perception that the tablet market in India was not growing.
"We
are getting around 8,000 orders...". When asked whether all these
bookings are genuine purchase orders, since no advance payment is
required, he said "conversion (from pre-to-firm bookings) is 88 per
cent".
Famous Scientist ( Robert Hübner )
-: Robert Hübner :-
Robert Hübner (born November 6, 1948 in Cologne, West Germany) is a
respected German chess Grandmaster, chess writer, and papyrologist (an
expert in Egyptian hieroglyphics). At eighteen, he was joint winner of
the West German Chess Championship. In 1975, he became one of the
world's leading players, rising to third place in the FIDE world ranking
list in 1980.
Over the chess board, Hübner's technique has been described as efficient and ruthless. According to Bill Hartston—"His perfectionist and rather pessimistic approach, however, prevented him from reaching the very top". Certainly, his progress was hampered by disputes and withdrawals at inopportune moments; he withdrew from his 1971 Candidates Match against Tigran Petrosian over a dispute about intolerable conditions, and again from a 1980 Candidates Match against Viktor Korchnoi.
Over the chess board, Hübner's technique has been described as efficient and ruthless. According to Bill Hartston—"His perfectionist and rather pessimistic approach, however, prevented him from reaching the very top". Certainly, his progress was hampered by disputes and withdrawals at inopportune moments; he withdrew from his 1971 Candidates Match against Tigran Petrosian over a dispute about intolerable conditions, and again from a 1980 Candidates Match against Viktor Korchnoi.
His fortune was dealt a particularly cruel blow at his 1983
Candidates Quarter Final match against Vasily Smyslov, when Smyslov
refused to play tie-break rapid games (these were optional at the time
and a noted strength of Hübner). Consequently, the match was awarded to
Smyslov on the spin of a roulette wheel.
At his strongest as a chess player in the mid-seventies to early eighties, he participated in many of the elite tournaments of the day, such as Tilburg 1978 and Montreal 1979 (The Tournament of Stars), playing alongside Anatoly Karpov, Mikhail Tal, and Jan Timman. There were tournament victories at Houston 1974, Munich 1979 (shared with Ulf Andersson and Boris Spassky), Rio de Janeiro Interzonal 1979 (shared with Lajos Portisch and Tigran Petrosian) and Linares 1985 (shared with Ljubomir Ljubojević).
At his strongest as a chess player in the mid-seventies to early eighties, he participated in many of the elite tournaments of the day, such as Tilburg 1978 and Montreal 1979 (The Tournament of Stars), playing alongside Anatoly Karpov, Mikhail Tal, and Jan Timman. There were tournament victories at Houston 1974, Munich 1979 (shared with Ulf Andersson and Boris Spassky), Rio de Janeiro Interzonal 1979 (shared with Lajos Portisch and Tigran Petrosian) and Linares 1985 (shared with Ljubomir Ljubojević).
He remained active on the international chess circuit into the 2000s,
but has never been a full-time chess professional due to his academic
career.
Hübner's contributions to chess literature include the study of World Champions and extensive analysis of 19th century chess brilliancies. His recent contributions are detailed analysis and study of the chess games of World Champions – notably Bobby Fischer and Alexander Alekhine.
He served as a second to Nigel Short in his efforts to win the World Chess Championship match against Garry Kasparov in 1993. In 2000 he won with the German team a silver medal in the 34th Chess Olympiad in Istanbul.
His International Master (IM) title was awarded in 1969 and his Grandmaster (GM) title in 1971. He is the eponym of the Hübner Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defence, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 c5 5.Bd3 Nc6 6.Nf3 Bxc3+.
Additionally, Hübner is known as one of the world's best xiangqi players not from China.
Hübner's contributions to chess literature include the study of World Champions and extensive analysis of 19th century chess brilliancies. His recent contributions are detailed analysis and study of the chess games of World Champions – notably Bobby Fischer and Alexander Alekhine.
He served as a second to Nigel Short in his efforts to win the World Chess Championship match against Garry Kasparov in 1993. In 2000 he won with the German team a silver medal in the 34th Chess Olympiad in Istanbul.
His International Master (IM) title was awarded in 1969 and his Grandmaster (GM) title in 1971. He is the eponym of the Hübner Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defence, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 c5 5.Bd3 Nc6 6.Nf3 Bxc3+.
Additionally, Hübner is known as one of the world's best xiangqi players not from China.
Friday, April 27, 2012
Thursday, April 26, 2012
Famous Scientist (Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle)
-: Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle :-
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| Jakob henle |
Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle (9 July 1809 – 13 May 1885) was a German
physician, pathologist and anatomist. He is credited with the discovery
of the loop of Henle in the kidney. His essay "On Miasma and Contagia"
was an early argument for the germ theory of disease. He was an
important figure in the development of modern medicine.
Henle
was born in Fürth, Bavaria, to Jewish parents. After studying medicine
at Heidelberg and at Bonn, where he took his doctor's degree in 1832, he
became prosector in anatomy to Johannes Müller at Berlin. During the
six years he spent in that position he published a large amount of work,
including three anatomical monographs on new species of animals, and
papers on the structure of the lymphatic system, the distribution of
epithelium in the human body, the structure and development of the hair,
the formation of mucus and pus, etc.
In 1840 he accepted the
chair of anatomy at Zürich, and in 1844 he was called to Heidelberg,
where he taught not only anatomy, but physiology and pathology. About
this period he was engaged on his complete system of general anatomy,
which formed the sixth volume of the new edition of Samuel Thomas von
Sömmering's treatise, published at Leipzig between 1841 and 1844.
While at Heidelberg he published a zoological monograph on the sharks
and rays, in conjunction with his master Müller, and in 1846 his famous
Manual of Rational Pathology began to appear; this marked the beginning
of a new era in pathological study, since in it physiology and
pathology were treated, in Henle's own words, as branches of one
science, and the facts of disease were systematically considered with
reference to their physiological relations.
In 1852 he moved to Göttingen, whence he issued three years later the first instalment of his great Handbook of Systematic Human Anatomy, the last volume of which was not published until 1873.
In 1852 he moved to Göttingen, whence he issued three years later the first instalment of his great Handbook of Systematic Human Anatomy, the last volume of which was not published until 1873.
This work was perhaps the most complete and comprehensive of its kind
at that time, and it was remarkable not only for the fullness and
minuteness of its anatomical descriptions but also for the number and
excellence of the illustrations with which they elucidated minute
anatomy of the blood vessels, serous membranes, kidney, eye, nails,
central nervous system, etc. He discovered the loop of Henle and Henle's
tubules, two anatomical structures in the kidney.
Wednesday, April 25, 2012
Microsoft offers summer sneak preview of Windows 8
Microsoft has announced that a second preview version of its new operating system will be available in June.
Windows 8 represents a radical overhaul for the company as it attempts to capture the tablet market as well as feed its traditional PC cash-cow.
Windows president Steven Sinofsky said that the "release preview" would be the closest yet to the final version.
Microsoft has not said when that will be available, but most commentators point to an October release.
Three flavours
Mr Sinofsky revealed the preview to delegates at a Windows Developer Days event in Japan.
He has previously said that the new OS will be the most significant redesign since Windows 95.
The trademark Windows "Start" button will no longer appear, replaced by a sliding panel-based menu.
As well as powering computers running traditional processors from Intel and AMD, the OS will also run on new tablets and laptops running low-power ARM processors.
Last week Microsoft announced that it was releasing a simplified number of versions. Alongside the ARM version - dubbed Windows RT - the software giant will release just two flavours - Windows 8 and Windows Pro.
The Windows 8 developer preview launched late last year and has prompted more than 100,000 changes.
The first public preview launched in February.
Windows 8 represents a radical overhaul for the company as it attempts to capture the tablet market as well as feed its traditional PC cash-cow.
Windows president Steven Sinofsky said that the "release preview" would be the closest yet to the final version.
Microsoft has not said when that will be available, but most commentators point to an October release.
Three flavours
Mr Sinofsky revealed the preview to delegates at a Windows Developer Days event in Japan.
He has previously said that the new OS will be the most significant redesign since Windows 95.
The trademark Windows "Start" button will no longer appear, replaced by a sliding panel-based menu.
As well as powering computers running traditional processors from Intel and AMD, the OS will also run on new tablets and laptops running low-power ARM processors.
Last week Microsoft announced that it was releasing a simplified number of versions. Alongside the ARM version - dubbed Windows RT - the software giant will release just two flavours - Windows 8 and Windows Pro.
The Windows 8 developer preview launched late last year and has prompted more than 100,000 changes.
The first public preview launched in February.
Tuesday, April 24, 2012
About Famous Scientist:-
-: Alfred Lothar Wegener :-
 |
| Alfred Lothar Wegener |
Alfred Lothar Wegener (November 1, 1880 – November 1930) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.
During
his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology
and as a pioneer of polar research, but today he is most remembered for
first proposing the theory of continental drift
(Kontinentalverschiebung) in 1912, which hypothesized that the
continents were slowly drifting around the Earth.
His hypothesis was controversial and not widely accepted until the
1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism provided strong
support for continental drift, and thereby a substantial basis for
today's model of Plate tectonics. Wegener was involved in several
expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation before the
existence of the jet stream was accepted. Expedition participants made
many meteorological observations and achieved the first-ever
overwintering on the inland Greenland ice sheet as well as the
first-ever boring of ice cores on a moving Arctic glacier.
Alfred Wegener first thought of this idea by noticing that the different large landmasses of the Earth almost fit together like a jigsaw. The Continental shelf of the Americas fit closely to Africa and Europe, and Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar fit next to the tip of Southern Africa. But Wegener only took action after reading a paper in Autumn 1911 and seeing that a flooded land-bridge contradicts isostasy. Wegener's main interest was meteorology, and he wanted to join the Denmark-Greenland expedition scheduled for mid 1912.
Alfred Wegener first thought of this idea by noticing that the different large landmasses of the Earth almost fit together like a jigsaw. The Continental shelf of the Americas fit closely to Africa and Europe, and Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar fit next to the tip of Southern Africa. But Wegener only took action after reading a paper in Autumn 1911 and seeing that a flooded land-bridge contradicts isostasy. Wegener's main interest was meteorology, and he wanted to join the Denmark-Greenland expedition scheduled for mid 1912.
So he hurried up to present his Continental Drift hypothesis on
January 6, 1912. He analyzed either side of the Atlantic Ocean for rock
type, geological structures and fossils. He noticed that there was a
significant similarity between matching sides of the continents,
especially in fossil plants. His hypothesis was thus strongly supported
by the physical evidence, and was a pioneering attempt at a rational
explanation.
The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in
Bremerhaven, Germany, was established in 1980 on his centenary. It
awards the Wegener Medal in his name. The crater Wegener on the Moon and
the crater Wegener on Mars, as well as the asteroid 29227 Wegener and
the peninsula where he died in Greenland, are named after him.
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